Cherry

Family Rosaceae

Tree

Botanical illustration of Cherry

Cherry season splits into two camps: tart cherries, the true pie fruit that almost never appears fresh in stores, and sweet cherries for eating by the greedy handful. Either way, the flavor of tree-ripened fruit is the kind people plant whole trees to get back.

Blossom season is half the argument — a cherry in full spring flower stops the whole street. Which type you choose sets its size, hardiness, and pollination needs, so match the tree to your yard and settle the pie-versus-snacking question by planting for it.

Where to buy cherry — 7 nurseries compared

  • Full Sun
  • Moderate water
  • Excellent edible

Which cherry do you have?

Hardiness differs across the 2 cherrys in this guide, so pick yours and this panel answers for that one.

Enter it once; every plant page remembers.

Tart Cherry

Mature size
12-18 ft
Growth rate
Moderate
Chill requirement
1000-1200
Pollination
Self-Fertile
Bloom season
Early-Mid Spring

Cherry · Common problems

Common cherry problems

Pests, diseases and weather to keep an eye on.

Nothing common enough to list for cherry. Watch it like anything else in the garden, and check the plants growing next to it.

Cherry · Which one do you have?

The 2 types this guide covers

Where these differ, the key facts above give the span across all of them. Each type’s own figures, as the catalogue records them:

Tart Cherry

Hardiness
4-7
Mature size
12-18 ft
Growth rate
Moderate
Chill requirement
1000-1200
Pollination
Self-Fertile
Bloom season
Early-Mid Spring

Sweet Cherry

Hardiness
5-8
Mature size
15-30 ft
Growth rate
Fast
Chill requirement
800-1200
Pollination
'Stella', 'Lapins' and 'Starkrimson' are self-fruitful, as are the newer 'Sweetheart', 'Whitegold' and 'Blackgold'; most other sweet cherries need a partner. Do not pair 'Bing', 'Lambert' and 'Royal Ann' with each other — they are intersterile and will not set a crop
Bloom season
Early Spring

Cherry · Growing & propagation

Growing cherry

Light, water, soil, propagation and the season’s jobs.
What it needsThe details
Light
Full Sun

How to plant & propagate cherry

Propagate
Grafted, or from cuttings/layering

Seed won't come true

Cherry · Seasonal care & spray guidance

The cherry growing playbook

Field-tested instructions for every job cherry asks of you, compiled from university extension guidance — in the order the season brings them. This guide covers more than one plant, and their programmes are not interchangeable — spray timings in particular are set by the species. Each instruction below names the one it was written for.

While it flowers

at bloom

2 jobs
SprayingAt bloomSweet Cherry

Brown rot: blossom spray

Spray captan just before the first blossoms open and again at full bloom. No insecticide while it is in flower. Brown rot enters through the dying petals — the blossom spray is what prevents the fruit rot you would otherwise see in June.

SprayingAt bloomTart Cherry

Brown rot: blossom spray

Spray captan just before the first blossoms open and again at full bloom. Add no insecticide while the tree is flowering. Brown rot enters through the dying petals first, then moves into the fruit later in the season.

Just after bloom

as the fruit sets

3 jobs
SprayingAfter fruit setSweet Cherry

Cherry leaf spot: cover sprays

Start at petal fall with chlorothalonil, then keep the leaves covered with captan every 14 days through harvest. Leaf spot takes sweet cherry too, not just tart. Infection needs only about five hours of leaf wetness at 63-68F, so every spring rain infects unprotected new leaves.

SprayingAt petal fallTart Cherry

Cherry leaf spot: first spray at petal fall

As the petals drop and the first leaves unfold, spray chlorothalonil for leaf spot. Repeat at shuck split, about two weeks later. The fungus infects young leaves through their undersides during rain, and early lesions produce the spores that drive the whole season.

SprayingAfter fruit setTart Cherry

Cherry leaf spot: cover sprays

Keep the leaves covered with captan every 14 days, about five sprays, carrying through to harvest. Leaf spot needs only about five hours of leaf wetness at 63-68F to infect, so every spring rain finds unprotected new leaves.

Through summer

the growing season

2 jobs
PruningIn July and AugustSweet Cherry

Prune sweet cherry after harvest

After harvest, remove crossing or shaded limbs and keep the leader or scaffold structure manageable. Sweet cherries often heal best in warm dry weather and need light management to keep picking height reasonable.

PruningIn July and AugustTart Cherry

Prune tart cherry after harvest

After fruiting, remove dead or crowded wood and keep enough young lateral growth for next year's crop. Summer pruning after harvest lowers canker risk compared with wet dormant pruning in many regions.

Harvest time

as it ripens, and picking

6 jobs
What to watch forAs fruit ripensSweet Cherry

Spotted wing drosophila: watch for the fruit turning colour

Begin weekly sprays as soon as the fruit starts to lose its green, rotating insecticide groups, and never stretch past 7 days. Pick promptly and completely; bag the culls. The female saws into sound ripening fruit and lays eggs under the skin, and a generation can finish in 8-14 days, so numbers escalate fast.

What to watch forAs fruit ripensTart Cherry

Spotted wing drosophila: watch for the fruit turning colour

The moment the fruit starts losing its green, begin weekly sprays and rotate insecticide groups. Fine netting plus prompt, complete picking cuts the spraying. Unlike ordinary fruit flies, the female SWD saws into sound, undamaged ripening fruit and lays eggs under the skin — so maggots grow inside fruit that looks perfect.

SprayingBefore harvestSweet Cherry

Brown rot: pre-harvest sprays

Spray a fungicide 3 weeks before you expect to pick and again a week before harvest. If it keeps raining, add one or two more at 5-7 day intervals. Brown rot decays mature fruit very fast and spreads from spore masses on the rotted ones, so a crop can collapse in the fortnight before picking.

SprayingBefore harvestTart Cherry

Brown rot: pre-harvest sprays

Spray a fungicide about 3 weeks before you expect to pick, and again a week before harvest. Brown rot moves fastest as sugars rise near maturity, and each rotted cherry becomes a spore source for the ones touching it.

ProtectionAs fruit ripensSweet Cherry

Net the tree before the fruit colours — or lose the crop in a day

Get netting over the tree as the fruit begins to ripen, before it colours. Noisemakers, scarecrows, pie plates and plastic snakes do little. Sweet cherry is a favourite of several bird species, and a flock can take the entire crop in a single day once it ripens.

ProtectionAs fruit ripensTart Cherry

Net the tree before the fruit colours

Get netting on as the fruit begins to ripen. Noisemakers, scarecrows, pie plates and plastic snakes do not work. Birds can take a ripening cherry crop faster than any other loss on the tree; a physical barrier is the only thing that reliably stops them.

After harvest

autumn, and putting it to bed

2 jobs
SprayingAfter harvestSweet Cherry

Cherry leaf spot: spray after you pick

Two weeks after picking, spray captan for leaf spot; in a wet year continue up to three weeks past harvest at 7-10 day intervals. Losing leaves early leaves the tree with poor stored reserves, so it enters winter unprepared and is prone to winter injury and dieback.

SprayingAfter harvestTart Cherry

Cherry leaf spot: spray AFTER you pick (the one everyone skips)

Two weeks after harvest, spray captan again. In a wet year keep protecting the leaves up to three weeks past picking, every 7-10 days. The tree must hold its leaves into September to build the reserves that set next year's crop and harden it for winter. Defoliated early, it goes into winter starved and comes out with dieback.

Cherry · Calculators & field guides

A little help in the garden.

Calculators for the figures. Field guides for the hands-on work.

Cherry · Yearly calendar

The cherry year, month by month

What cherry asks for, month by month.

Jan

No calendar activity is listed for this month.

MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Harvest

HarvestJune to July

What each band means

  • Harvest — picking time — check ripeness every few days.

These are the species' typical months — expect them a few weeks earlier in warm zones and later in cold ones. Watch the plant, not just the calendar.

Cherry · Ecology & uses

Ecology & uses

What it does for the garden, and what it is grown for.
Botanical illustration of Cherry

Cherry in the garden system

  • Understory layer tree
  • Keystone: Keystone — hosts 340-450+ caterpillar species
Moisture
Facultative / average
Deer
Browsed

Protect young plants

Origin
Introduced

What cherry is grown for

! Some parts toxic — see notesPits toxic if crushed

Edible value
4/5

Edibility, identification, and traditional-use notes here are general reference — not medical or veterinary advice, and not a claim that any plant treats or prevents anything. Medicinal ratings record how strongly a plant features in herbal tradition, nothing more. Never eat or dose a plant you have not positively identified. More on how to use this library.

Cherry · Varieties & cultivars

Choosing a cherry variety

Match the plant to your climate, season and available space.

Compare hardiness, mature size, growth habit, days to maturity and intended use in the seller’s variety description. Where this guide covers several plant types, start with the type you want to grow, then choose a variety for your season and space.

Sources & plant identity

Know what you’re growing.
See where the knowledge comes from.

Botanical illustration of Cherry

Cherry

The plant, at a glance.

Plant family
Rosaceae
Growth habit
Tree · Perennial
Origin
Introduced
Invasive risk
Low
Every garden is different.

Hardiness, size and timing vary with your cultivar, soil and climate.

Rooted in research.

University extension research, brought together with hands-on growing experience at Story Thyme Farms.

Explore Cherry’s sources16 reference links
for Cherry

Questions

Cherry questions, answered straight.

Is cherry safe for kids and pets?

With care. Pits toxic if crushed Site it accordingly if children or pets roam the garden. This is general reference, not medical or veterinary advice — call a vet or poison control if something has actually been eaten.

How do you propagate cherry?

Grafted, or from cuttings/layering (seed won't come true).

Elsewhere

Where cherry sits in the library.